Rhind Mathematical Papyrus, written around 1650 BC, is one of oldest known math texts in human history and shows that ancient Egyptians had a surprisingly advanced understanding of mathematics. It includes methods for solving linear equations, working with fractions, calculating areas and volumes, and using geometric progressions.
The papyrus was purchased by Scottish antiquarian Alexander Henry Rhind in 1858 in Luxor, and parts of it are now housed in the British Museum.Β
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