After the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995 it was discovered that infrastructure such as harbor piers that had used crushed stone foundations hadn't suffered any damage from the earthquake even while identical structures nearby that had used regular concrete piling had been destroyed from the effects of soil liquefaction. Soil liquefaction is when waterlogged soil for a few moments turn liquid from the shaking, pushing some things up (like pipes, manholes, concrete foundations) and sinking other things before turning instantly solid again. A famous example is this car in New Zealand. So around 2000 the crushed stone piling method was developed for commercial use and is now fairly common in Japan. While not suitable everywhere, it is the preferred method on certain soils.
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